⟨j⟩ also represents / j/ in Albanian, and those Uralic, Slavic and Baltic languages that use the Latin alphabet, such as Hungarian, Finnish, Estonian, Polish, Czech, Serbo-Croatian, Slovak, Slovenian, Latvian and Lithuanian. Notable exceptions are English, Scots and (to a lesser degree) Luxembourgish. The great majority of Germanic languages, such as German, Dutch, Icelandic, Swedish, Danish and Norwegian, use ⟨j⟩ for the palatal approximant / j/, which is usually represented by the letter ⟨y⟩ in English. Other languages Germanic and Eastern-European languages
It is, however, quite common in proper nouns, especially personal names. In English, ⟨j⟩ is the fourth least frequently used letter in words, being more frequent only than ⟨ z⟩, ⟨ q⟩, and ⟨ x⟩. In words of Spanish origin, where ⟨j⟩ represents the voiceless velar fricative (such as jalapeño), English speakers usually approximate with the voiceless glottal fricative / h/.
Occasionally, ⟨j⟩ represents the original /j/ sound, as in Hallelujah and fjord (see Yodh for details). In some of these, including raj, Azerbaijan, Taj Mahal, and Beijing, the regular pronunciation /dʒ/ is actually closer to the native pronunciation, making the use of /ʒ/ an instance of hyperforeignism, a type of hypercorrection. In loan words such as bijou or Dijon, ⟨j⟩ may represent /ʒ/. The first English language book to make a clear distinction between ⟨i⟩ and ⟨j⟩ was the King James Bible 1st Revision Cambridge 1629 and an English grammar book published in 1633. Later, many other uses of ⟨i⟩ (later ⟨j⟩) were added in loanwords from French and other languages (e.g. Under the influence of Old French, which had a similar phoneme deriving from Latin /j/, English scribes began to use ⟨i⟩ (later ⟨j⟩) to represent word-initial /dʒ/ in Old English (for example, iest and, later jest), while using ⟨dg⟩ elsewhere (for example, he dge). In Old English, the phoneme /dʒ/ was represented orthographically with ⟨cg⟩ and ⟨cȝ⟩. In English, ⟨j⟩ most commonly represents the affricate /dʒ/.
ʑ/ and / dʑ/ distinct in some dialects, see Yotsugana Most common pronunciation: / j/ Languages in italics do not use the Latin alphabet Pronunciation and use List of pronunciations
Originally, 'I' and 'J' were different shapes for the same letter, both equally representing /i/, /iː/, and /j/ however, Romance languages developed new sounds (from former /j/ and /ɡ/) that came to be represented as 'I' and 'J' therefore, English J, acquired from the French J, has a sound value quite different from /j/ (which represents the initial sound in the English language word " yet"). Gian Giorgio Trissino (1478–1550) was the first to explicitly distinguish I and J as representing separate sounds, in his Ɛpistola del Trissino de le lettere nuωvamente aggiunte ne la lingua italiana ("Trissino's epistle about the letters recently added in the Italian language") of 1524. A distinctive usage emerged in Middle High German. The letter J used to be used as the swash letter I, used for the letter I at the end of Roman numerals when following another I, as in XXIIJ or xxiij instead of XXIII or xxiii for the Roman numeral twenty-three. Children's book from 1743, showing I and J considered as the same letter
0 kommentar(er)
